Polyketide
Polyketides are
secondary metabolites from bacteria,fungi ,plant s, andanimal s. Polyketides are biosynthesized by thepolymerization ofacetyl andpropionyl subunits in a similar process to fatty acid synthesis (aClaisen condensation ). cite journal|author=Robinson JA|year= 1991|title=Polyketide synthase complexes: their structure and function in antibiotic biosynthesis|journal=Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci.|volume=332|pages=107–114|pmid=1678529|doi=10.1098/rstb.1991.0038] They are the building blocks for a broad range ofnatural product s or are further derivatized.Polyketides are structurally a very diverse family of natural products with diverse biological activities and pharmacological properties. Polyketide
antibiotic s,antifungal s,cytostatic s, anticholesterolemics, antiparasitics,coccidiostatic s, animal growth promoters and naturalinsecticide s are in commercial use. Fact|date=December 2007Examples
*
Macrolide s
**Picromycin , the first isolated macrolide (1950)
** Theantibiotic s erythromycin A,clarithromycin , andazithromycin
** Theimmunosuppressant tacrolimus (FK506)
*Polyene antibiotic s
**Amphotericin
*Tetracycline s
** The tetracycline family ofantibiotic s
*Acetogenins
**Annonacin
**Uvaricin
* Others
**Discodermolide
**Aflatoxin Biosynthesis
Polyketides are synthesized by one or more specialized and highly complex
polyketide synthase (PKS)enzyme s.References
See also
*
Esterase
*Nonribosomal peptide
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Polyketide — Als Polyketide bezeichnet man eine große Gruppe von Naturstoffen, die bezüglich ihrer chemischen Strukturen und pharmakologischen Eigenschaften äußerst heterogen zusammengesetzt ist. Gemeinsam ist ihnen die Biosynthese über den sogenannten… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Polykétide — Polycétide Les polycétides [1] sont des métabolites secondaires de bactéries, champignons, végétaux et animaux qui proviennent de la condensation itérative de sous unités acétyle ou malonyle par des enzymes spécialisées les polycétides synthases… … Wikipédia en Français
polyketide — noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary poly + ket + ide Date: 1927 any of a large class of diverse compounds that are characterized by more than two carbonyl groups connected by single intervening carbon atoms, that are produced… … New Collegiate Dictionary
polyketide — noun a) Any polymer whose monomers is a ketide. b) Any of many biochemical intermediates, having such a structure, that occur in biosynthesis and metabolism. Syn: acetogenin … Wiktionary
polyketide — poly·ke·tide .päl ē kē .tīd n any of a large class of diverse compounds that are characterized by more than two carbonyl groups connected by single intervening carbon atoms, that are produced esp. by certain bacteria and fungi, and that include… … Medical dictionary
Polyketide synthase — Polyketide synthases, also known as PKSs, are a family of enzymes or enzyme complexes that produce polyketides, a large class of secondary metabolites, in bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. The biosyntheses of polyketides share striking… … Wikipedia
griseofulvin — Polyketide antibiotic from Penicillium griseofulvum. Used therapeutically as an antifungal. Blocks microtubule assembly and thus mitosis … Dictionary of molecular biology
DEBS (6-deoxyerythronolide B synthase) — 6 Deoxyerythronolide B Synthase or DEBS has been identified as a Type 1 polyketide synthase. DEBS is found in Saccharopolyspora erythraea and responsible for the synthesis of the macrolide ring which is the precursor of the antibiotic… … Wikipedia
Biosynthesis of doxorubicin — Doxorubicin (DXR) is a 14 hydroxylated version of daunorubicin, the immediate precursor of DXR in its biosynthetic pathway. Daunorubicin is more abundantly found as a natural product because it is produced by a number of different wild type… … Wikipedia
Mycolactone — IUPAC name [(6S,7S,9E,12R) 12 [(E,2S,6R,7R,9R) 7,9 dihydroxy 4,6 dimethyldec 4 en 2 yl] 7,9 dimethyl 2 oxo 1 oxacyclodode … Wikipedia
