Challenger (1853 clipper)
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Career (United States) 
Name: Challenger Owner: W. & F.H. Whittemore, Boston; later, Samuel G. Reed & Co. Builder: Robert E. Jackson, East Boston, MA Launched: 1853 Notes: Collided with Roswell Sprague in a gale at Bremerhaven, Oct. 1861 Career (Peru) 
Owner: N. Larco, agent for the Peruvian Government Acquired: 1863 Renamed: Camille Cavour Fate: Abandoned off the coast of Mexico, Oct. 1875, enroute from Port Discovery to Peru, after damage during a gale. Camille Cavour's wreck drifted ashore at Manzanillo. Notes: Coolie ship in the guano trade General characteristics Class and type: Extreme clipper, designed by Samuel Hartt Pook Tons burthen: 1334 tons Length: 206 ft. Beam: 38 ft. 4 in. Draft: 23 ft.[1][2] The Challenger was an extreme clipper ship built in East Boston in 1853. She sailed in the San Francisco trade, and later in the guano trade in Peru.
Voyages
Between 1854-1863, Challenger made two voyages from Boston to San Francisco, in 112 and 134 days, and five voyages from New York to San Francisco, in 115 to 133 days. In 1861, she "collided with the ship Roswell Sprague in a gale in the roadstead of Bremerhaven."[1]
Guano trade and shipwreck
In 1863, Challenger was sold to the Peruvian Government, and renamed Camille Cavour. She was "used in the transport of Chinese coolies to the guano islands."
In 1875, she was "damaged in a gale on voyage from Port Discovery to Peru and was abandoned off the coast of Mexico. The wreck drifted ashore at Manzanillo."[1]
References
- ^ a b c Bruzelius, Lars (1998). "Sailing Ships: "'Challenger'" (1853)". The Maritime History Virtual Archives. http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Challenger%281853%29.html. Retrieved Apr. 11, 2010.
- ^ Cutler, Carl C. (1930). Greyhounds of the sea; The story of the American clipper ship. New York: Halcyon House. pp. 425. http://www.worldcat.org/title/greyhounds-of-the-sea-the-story-of-the-american-clipper-ship/oclc/610444.
Clipper ships, designers & builders American-built early clippers (in year order) Anglona (1840) • Ariel (1842) • Houqua (1844)American-built extreme clippers, 1845–1850 (in year order) Rainbow (1845) • Sea Witch (1846) • Memnon (1848) • Ticonderoga (1849) • Race Horse (barque) (1850) • Sea Serpent (1850) • Stag Hound (1850) • Surprise (1850) • Witchcraft (1850)American-built extreme clippers, 1851–1855 Blue Jacket (1854) • Challenger (1853) • Champion of the Seas (1854) • Comet (1851) • Emanuela (1854) • HMS Enchantress (1854) • Flying Cloud (1851) • Golden West (1852) • Great Republic (barque) (1853) • Hornet (1851) • Ino (1851) • James Baines (1854) • John Gilpin (1852) • Lightning (1853) • Manuela (1854) • N.B. Palmer (1851) • Nightingale (1851) • Ocean Telegraph / Light Brigade (1854) • Onward (1852) • Red Jacket (1853) • Sovereign of the Seas (1852) • Sunny South (1854) • Syren (1851) • Sweepstakes (1853) • Swordfish (1851) • Westward Ho! (1852) • White Swallow (1853) • Witch of the Wave (1851) • Young America (1853)American-built medium clippers, 1851–1855 Andrew Jackson (1855) • Antelope of Boston (1851) • Carrier Dove (1855) • Carrier Pigeon (1852) • Celestial Empire (1852) • Ganges (1854) • Golden Fleece (1855) • Harriet Hoxie (1851) • Herald of the Morning (1853) • Kingfisher (1853) • Lookout (1853) • Mary Robinson (1854)American-built clippers and medium clippers, 1856–1859 King Philip (1856) • Seminole (1865) • Thatcher Magoun (1856)American-built clippers and medium clippers, 1860s Cremorne (1863) • Shooting Star (1867)British & Scottish-built "Aberdeen" clippers, 1839–1858 Challenger (1852) • Lammermuir (1856) • Lord of the Isles (1853) • Mimosa (1853) • Robin Hood (1856) • Stornoway (1850)British & Scottish-built newer style clippers, 1859–1870 Ariel (composite) (1865) • Blackadder (iron) (1870) • Cimba • City of Adelaide (composite) (1864) • Cutty Sark (composite) (1869) • Fiery Cross (1860) • Flying Spur (1860) • Hallowe'en (iron) (1870) • Lahloo (composite) (1867) • Lammermuir (composite) (1864) • Leander (composite) (1867) • Lothair (composite) (1870) • Norman Court (composite) (1869) • Serica (1863) • Sir Lancelot (composite) (1865) • Taeping (composite) (1863) • Taitsing (composite) (1865) • Tayleur (iron) (1864) • Thermopylae (composite) (1868) •Dutch-built clippers Canadian-built clippers Marco Polo (1851) • Stag (barque)American designers and builders Curtis, James O. • Curtis, Paul • Curtis, Paul & Taylor • Fernald & Pettigrew • Griffiths, John Willis • McKay, Donald • Palmer, Nathaniel • Pook, Samuel Hartt • Webb, William H • Westervelt, Jacob A.British & Scottish designers and builders Surviving 19th Century clippers Categories:- Clippers
- California clippers
- Individual sailing vessels
- Age of Sail merchant ships of the United States
- Ships built in Boston, Massachusetts
- Guano trade
- Coolie trade
- Shipwrecks of the Mexican Pacific coast
- Maritime incidents in 1861
- 1853 ships
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