Settlement movement (Israel)
Settlement movement ( _he. תנועת מיישבות) is a term used in
Israel to describe national umbrellaorganisation s forkibbutz im,moshav im, moshavim shitufiim, and communal settlements. It is not related to the termIsraeli settlement , which denotes settlements outside of the Green Line.Most kibbutzim are members of either the
Kibbutz Movement or theReligious Kibbutz Movement , whilst most moshavim and communal settlements are divided between theMoshavim Movement ,Mishkei Herut Beitar , theAgricultural Union andHaOved HaTzioni . Many religious moshavim are affiliated withHapoel HaMizrachi orAgudat Israel Workers movements. Moshavim established after 1967 in theWest Bank , outside theGreen Line , are typically affiliated with Amana.In the past there were several other organisations; the Kibbutz Movement was formed by a merger of the
United Kibbutz Movement andKibbutz Artzi in 1999, the former also formed by a merger ofHaKibbutz HaMeuhad andIhud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim in 1981. Most of the former organisations had political affiliations; HaKibbutz HaMeuhad was aligned withAhdut HaAvoda and Ihud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim withMapai and Labour.To the extent that kibbutzim, moshavim, and moshavim shitufiim are
agricultural cooperatives based on individual membership, the national settlement movements in Israel are viewed assecondary cooperative s orcooperative federation s, whose members are lower-level primary cooperatives.
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